GENEVA--(Marketwire - Jan 29, 2013) - Addex Therapeutics / Addex Dipraglurant Reduces Motor
Abnormalities in a Preclinical Model Relevant
for Several Rare types of Dystonia.
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Dipraglurant, a novel oral small molecule negative allosteric modulator of
mGlu5
receptor, on track for Phase 2 clinical testing in the second half of 2013
Addex Therapeutics (SIX: ADXN), a leading
company pioneering allosteric modulation-based drug discovery and
development,
announced positive preclinical data for its mGlu5 negative allosteric
modulator
(NAM) oral small molecule, dipraglurant, in a validated rodent model of
dystonia, a spectrum of disorders, that includes several rare diseases and
is
characterized by debilitating involuntary muscle contractions and body
movements. This is an area of high unmet medical need where many patients
are
left inadequately treated with the current standard of care. Dipraglurant
demonstrated a robust and dose-dependent reduction in severity of a
dystonia-like attack, induced by caffeine in the tottering mouse model.
These data are
consistent with earlier reported Addex findings in a Phase 2a clinical
trial
measuring levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's patients as well as a
non-human primate model of Parkinson's-related dystonia.
"The effects of dipraglurant in the mouse model are very compelling.
They
provide additional support for further exploration of mGlu5 inhibitors
as a
novel treatment for dystonia and also open new therapeutic avenues"
said
Professor Ellen Hess at Emory University (USA) in whose laboratory the
study was
performed.
The validation of the tottering mouse model in the laboratory of Professor
Hess
has been funded in part by the Bachmann-Strauss Dystonia and
Parkinson
Foundation. The model recapitulates key genetic and phenotypic features
of so
called episodic neurological disorders, that involve aberrant calcium
channel
functioning and susceptibility to neurological attacks in response to
stress,
alcohol or caffeine. In the study, acute, oral administration of
dipraglurant
(10, 30, 50 mg/kg) resulted in dose-dependent reductions of dystonia
scores,
achieving significant reductions at the highest dose in comparison to
vehicle
treatment. In a sub-group of experimental animals, dipraglurant fully
blocked
the onset of dystonia. These results demonstrate the potential of
mGlu5
inhibition as a novel approach for the treatment of multiple types of
dystonias,
as well as other rare neurological conditions including familial
hemiplegic
migraine type 1, episodic ataxia type 2, and periodic paralysis.
"We are pleased that we continue to see broad therapeutic
application for
dipraglurant," said Bharatt Chowrira, CEO at Addex. "As we continue to
seek a
partner to advance dipraglurant in Parkinson's
levodopa-induced-dyskinesia, we
see great opportunity to take the compound forward in several rare
disease
indications including certain forms of dystonias. We look forward to
starting
Phase 2 clinical testing in the second half of 2013 with this
potentially
important movement disorder therapeutic".
About Dipraglurant
Dipraglurant is an oral, small molecule allosteric modulator that
inhibits
selectively the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5), a Class C
G-Protein
Coupled Receptor (GPCR), with potential to be used in combination with
levodopa
or dopamine agonists or as a standalone treatment for Parkinson's
disease
levodopa-induced dyskinesia (PD-LID), motor and non-motor
symptoms of
Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. Data from a recent
Phase 2a
show that dipraglurant met the primary objective of the study by
exhibiting a
good safety and tolerability profile. Dipraglurant also
demonstrated a
statistically significant reduction in LID severity with both 50 and
100 mg
doses. Dipraglurant appears to reduce dystonia severity in addition to
chorea,
the two major LID components. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled
study
conducted in the US and Europe, the primary objective was to demonstrate
safety
and tolerability in PD-LID patients. In addition, the trial was
designed to
evaluate exploratory efficacy as a secondary objective. Efficacy was
measured
using the modified Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (mAIMS), patient
diaries
documenting "off-time" (impaired voluntary movement), "on-time" (with or
without
dyskinesia) and sleep. Additional endpoints include the Unified
Parkinson's
Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Clinician & Patient Global
Impression of
Change (CGIC & PGIC), and an evaluation of the patients' mood using the
Hospital
Anxiety & Depression Score. The trial was supported by a grant from The
Michael
J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research.
mGlu5 Inhibition
There is increasingly convincing evidence that mGlu5 inhibition may
be a
valuable new strategy for treating a number of important diseases
and
conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease
levodopa-induced
dyskinesia (PD-LID), anxiety, depression, pain, tardive dyskinesia,
dystonia,
addiction, autism and Fragile X syndrome. With regards to Parkinson's
disease,
recent clinical and preclinical evidence suggest that mGlu5 inhibition may
have
an effect on parkinsonian motor symptoms as well as dyskinesia. MGlu5 is
found
in regions of the brain considered to be key control points in the
neuronal
movement circuits affected by abnormal signaling by the
neurotransmitter
glutamate in Parkinson's disease. Perturbations in glutamate signaling
(along
with disruptions in dopaminergic signaling) are believed to be an
underlying
cause of movement disorders like Parkinson's disease. As such, inhibiting
mGlu5
could act to re-establish normal movement via a non-dopaminergic
mechanism.
Separately, preclinical findings also suggest that mGlu5 inhibitors
may be
neuroprotective and may, therefore, hold potential as disease modifying
agents
that can slow or prevent progression of Parkinson's disease.
About Dystonia
Dystonia is a movement disorder that causes the muscles to contract and
spasm
involuntarily, according to the Dystonia Medical Research
Foundation. The
involuntary muscle contractions force the body into repetitive and
often
twisting movements as well as awkward, irregular postures. There
are
approximately 13 forms of dystonia, and dozens of diseases and
conditions
include dystonia as a major symptom. Dystonia may affect a single body
area or
be generalized throughout multiple muscle groups. Dystonia affects men,
women,
and children of all ages and backgrounds. Estimates suggest that no less
than
300,000 people in North America are affected. Dystonia causes varying
degrees of
disability and pain, from mild to severe. There is presently no cure,
and,
although many drugs are utilized to try to treat dystonia, the leading
treatment
is botox injections and many patients are left with inadequate
efficacy.
Dipraglurant has been shown to effectively reduce dystonia in both a
clinical
study and preclinical models of Parkinson's disease
levodopa-induced dyskinesia
(PD-LID). The neurophysiology of different forms of dystonia is thought
to be
similar and recent preclinical data in dystonia - suggesting that
dipraglurant
may also work for non-parkinsonian forms of dystonia.
Addex Therapeutics (www.addextherapeutics.com) discovers and
develops an
emerging class of small molecule drugs, called allosteric modulators, which
have
the potential to be more specific and confer significant therapeutic
advantages
over conventional "orthosteric" small molecule or biological drugs. The
Company
uses its proprietary discovery platform to address receptors and other
proteins
that are recognized as attractive targets for modulation of important
diseases
with unmet medical needs. The Company's two lead products are being
investigated
in Phase 2 clinical testing: dipraglurant (ADX48621, an mGlu5
negative
allosteric modulator or NAM) is being developed by Addex to treat
Parkinson's
disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia (PD-LID) and dystonia; and ADX71149
(mGlu2
positive allosteric modulator or PAM) is being developed in collaboration
with
Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. to treat schizophrenia and anxiety seen in
patients
suffering from major depressive disorder. Addex also is advancing
several
preclinical programs including: GABA-BR positive allosteric modulator
(PAM) for
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (type 1a) disease, spasticity in patients with
multiple
sclerosis (MS), pain, overactive bladder and other disorders; mGlu4 PAM
for MS,
Parkinson's disease, anxiety and other diseases. In addition, Addex is
applying
its proprietary discovery platform to identify highly selective and
potent
allosteric modulators of a number of both GPCR and non-GPCR targets
that are
implicated in diseases of significant unmet medical need.
Disclaimer: The foregoing release may contain forward-looking statements
that
can be identified by terminology such as "not approvable", "continue",
"believes", "believe", "will", "remained open to exploring", "would",
"could",
or similar expressions, or by express or implied discussions regarding
Addex
Therapeutics, formerly known as, Addex Pharmaceuticals, its business, the
potential approval of its products by regulatory authorities, or regarding
potential future revenues from such products. Such forward-looking
statements
reflect the current views of Addex Therapeutics regarding future events,
future
economic performance or prospects, and, by their very nature, involve
inherent
risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, whether known or
unknown,
and/or any other factor that may materially differ from the plans,
objectives,
expectations, estimates and intentions expressed or implied in such
forward-looking statements. Such may in particular cause actual results
with allosteric
modulators of mGlu2, mGlu4, mGlu5, GABA-BR or other therapeutic targets to
be
materially different from any future results, performance or achievements
expressed or implied by such statements. There can be no guarantee that
allosteric modulators of mGlu2, mGlu4, mGlu5, GABA-BR or other therapeutics
targets will be approved for sale in any market or by any regulatory
authority.
Nor can there be any guarantee that allosteric modulators of mGlu2, mGlu4,
mGlu5, GABA-BR or other therapeutic targets will achieve any particular
levels
of revenue (if any) in the future. In particular, management's expectations
regarding allosteric modulators of mGlu2, mGlu4, mGlu5, GABA-BR or other
therapeutic targets could be affected by, among other things, unexpected
actions
by our partners, unexpected regulatory actions or delays or government
regulation generally; unexpected clinical trial results, including
unexpected
new clinical data and unexpected additional analysis of existing clinical
data;
competition in general; government, industry and general public pricing
pressures; the company's ability to obtain or maintain patent or other
proprietary intellectual property protection. Should one or more of these
risks
or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove
incorrect,
actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, believed,
estimated
or expected. Addex Therapeutics is providing the information in this press
release as of this date and does not undertake any obligation to update any
forward-looking statements contained in this press release as a result of
new
information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by
applicable
laws.
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